[英语句子成分划分口诀]英语句子成分划分详解

来源:读书笔记 时间:2018-07-11 19:00:02 阅读:

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一:[英语句子成分划分详解]英语句子成分分析


  英语句子成分分析详解:
  一、主语(subject): 是一句的主体,是全句述说的对象,常用名词,数词或代词担任,一般放于句首。句子说明的人或事物。
  The sun rises in the east. (名词)
  He likes dancing. (代词)
  Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
  Seeing is believing. (动名词)
  To see is to believe. (不定式)
  What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
  It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
  (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
  二、谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
  We study English.
  He is asleep.
  三、表语(predicative):表示行为的对象,常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
  He is a teacher. (名词)
  Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)
  Five and five is ten. (数词)
  He is asleep. (形容词)
  His father is in. (副词)
  The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)
  My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)
  To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ” (不定式)
  The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)
  常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel(摸起来),smell(闻起来),
  taste(尝、吃起来), remain(保持,仍是), feel(感觉) ….
  It sounds a good idea.
  The sound sounds strange.
  Her voice sounds sweet.
  Tom looks thin.
  The food smells delicious.
  The food tastes good.
  The door remains open.
  Now I feel tired.
  三、宾语:
  1)动作的承受者——动宾
  I like China. (名词)
  He hates you. (代词)
  How many do you need? We need two. (数词)
  We should help the old and the poor.
  I enjoy working with you. (动名词)
  I hope to see you again. (不定式)
  Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)
  2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾
  Are you afraid of the snake?
  Under the snow, there are many rocks.
  3) 双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)
  He gave me a book yesterday.
  Give the poor man some money.
  四、宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。
  We elected him monitor. (名词)
  We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. (名)
  We will make them happy. (形容词)
  We found nobody in. (副词)
  Please make yourself at home. (介词短语)
  Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式)
  His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (带to不定式)
  Don’t keep the lights burning. (现在分词)
  I’ll have my bike repaired. (过去分词)
  五、主补:对主语的补充。
  He was elected monitor.
  She was found singing in the next room.
  He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. www.oh100.com
  六、定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
  Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名词)
  He is our friend. (代词)
  We belong to the third world. (数词)
  He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词)
  The man over there is my old friend.(副词)
  The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)
  The boys playing football are in Cla2. (现在分词)
  The trees planted last year are growing well now. (过去分词)
  I have an idea to do it well. ()
  You should do everything that I do. (定语从句)
  七、状语:状语是用来说明动词,形容词,副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前,也可以放在动词之后;修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。
  (以下例句按上述顺序排列) I will go there tomorrow.
  The meeting will be held in the meetingroom.
  The meat went bad because of the hot weather.
  He studies hard to learn English well.
  He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.
  I like some of you very much.
  If you study hard, you will pathe exam.
  He goes to school by bike.
  Though he is young, he can do it well.

二:[英语句子成分划分详解]英语句子成分


  英语句子成分讲解分析
  谓语:说明主语的动作或状态,也是句子的主体部分,一般由动词充当。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语,连系动词与表语一起构成谓语,情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合成谓语,助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。
  Mother bought me a VCR. 妈给我买了一台录像机。
  We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作
  主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。如:
  It’s getting cold. 天冷起来了。
  Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
  The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
  表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于连系动词之后,与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。如:
  Be careful! 小心!
  He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
  His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是看羊。
  宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。如:
  He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
  She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
  宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。如:
  He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
  I’ve never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
  I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很难拒绝他。
  定语:用于描述名词,代词,短语或从句的性质,特征范围等情况的词叫做定语, 定语可以由名词,形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词,短语担任。如果定语是单个 词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面。
  状语:说明事物发生的时间,地点,原因,目的,结果方式, 条件或伴随情况,程度等情况的词叫状语。状语可以由副词, 短语以及从句来担任。
  补语是述补结构中补充说明述语的结果、程度、趋向、可能、状态、数量等的成分。
  补语与述语之间是补充与被补充、说明与被说明的关系,是补充说明动词或形容词性中心语的,可以回答“怎么样”、“多少次”、“何处”、“何时”、“什么结果”等问题。补语都放在中心语后头,除了趋向动词、数量词、介宾结构和一部分形容词可以直接作补语外。补语多用形容词、数量词、趋向动词、介宾结构来担任,各种关系的词组也常作补语。
  口诀:
  主谓宾、定状补,主干枝叶分清楚。
  定语必居主宾前,谓前为状谓后补。
  状语有时位主前,逗号分开心有数。

三:[英语句子成分划分详解]语文英文句子结构详细分析

  篇一:语文句子结构详细分析
  引子
  语法知识目前成了学生学习中的一个盲点—初中教材上的知识,但是初中毕业考试不考查;高中教材没有这部分内容,可是高中的语文学习中经常要使用.例如:判断病句中的搭配不当或者成分残缺,分析文言文阅读中的词类活用和文言特殊句式时,语言表达中的长短句互换等等,都需要使用语法知识.
  在这里简单整理一些关于这方面的知识和练习,以便于以后整理为一个小专题.
  划分句子成分
  (一)知识要点
  1、什么是句子
  成分。
  2.句子成分的名称及符号
  名称:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。
  符号:主语 = 谓语 - 宾语 ~
  定语 ( ) 状语 [ ] 补语 < >
  ① 句子的基本成分是:主语、谓语、宾语。
  补充成分是:定语、状语、补语。
  ② 主语部分和谓语部分之间可用‖划开。
  3.(1主语谓语宾语
  ①.写人 格式:“谁” + 什么”(主语) (谓语)(宾语)
  例: 杨亚 ‖ 写 字
  主 谓 宾例:一中的杨亚‖

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