unit5 do you want to watch a game show|Unit5 Educational exchange reading 课件

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  Unit5 Educational exchange reading 课件

  个性化辅导教案提纲

  一、授课目的与考点分析:

  教学重点:现在完成时

  二、教学内容

  一、词汇句型

  1.educational adj

  educate v.

  education n.

  2.British adj.

  Britain n.

  England

  English

  3.weekday 工作日 n.

  0n weekdays =from Monday to Friday

  He works very hard on weekdays.

  He works very hard from Monday to Friday.

  weekend n. on/ at weekends

  = on Saturday and Sunday

  4. introduce v. 介绍, 使初次接触 >>>>introduce sb/sth to sb

  >>introduction n.

  May I introduce you to my uncle's friend?

  Yesterday he introduced his friend to me.

  He introduced us to the natural food.他使我们第一次享受/品尝到了天然食品。

  Let me introduce him to you. 让我把他给你们介绍一下。

  Allow me to introduce a friend to you. 让我给你介绍一个朋友。

  On his first day as the new-comer, he/I introduced himself/myself. 他作为新来者,第一天他作了自我介绍。

  You want me to write an introduction to your lectures? 你要我写一篇文章介绍你的讲座文集?

  5. success n. 成功

  succeed v. 成功

  successful adj. 成功的

  successfully adv.成功地

  Failure is the mother of success.

  Deligence leads to success.

  Hard working leads to success.

  He was a successful inventor.

  They succeeded in finding the lost plane.

  They found the lost plane successfully .

  6.at first= at the beginning = at the start

  7.glad=happy

  fantastic= really excellent

  friendly= nicely

  nervous=fearful

  8.exchange visit 交流访问

  Chinese culture 中国文化

  host family寄宿家庭

  local school当地的学校

  9.Places of interest 名胜古迹

  1. Why not...?为什么不....?

  Why not+V原形

  = How about + V+ing?

  =What about + V+ing?

  =Why don’t you + V原形?表建议去做某事

  2.Your arms aren’t long enough.你的胳膊不够长

  enough+名词+ to do sth

  形容词+enough+to do sth

  He has enough courage to go alone.

  He is brave enough to save the girl.

  Unit 5

  An exchange visit is

  educational and interesting!

  A group of British students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange.

  “I was very nervous at first,” says Sarah. “However, my host family are really friendly. I'm glad to be a guest in their home. I have learnt to use chopsticks, and they're teaching me a little Chinese!”

  The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. At the weekend, they tour around Beijing and visit places of interest with their host families.

  “It's been a fantastic experience so far,” says Eric. “I've learnt a bit of t'ai chi, and I really enjoy it. We've already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. We've also tried to paint some pictures ourselves! I haven't had much success yet, but I'll keep trying.”

  “I've made many new friends,” says Sarah. “I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home. We'll see one another soon because they'll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I can't wait!”

  P.77

  Take part in our educational exchange

  Do you love to travel and meet new people? Yes? Have you ever lived and studied in another country? No? Well, join our educational exchange now!

  Our educational exchange is fantastic. You can experience a different culture and learn a new language. You can improve your social skills and make lots of friends.xiaogushi8.com

  There are two parts in our educational exchange. In the first part, an exchange student will travel to your home country and stay with your family. In the second part, you will travel to your exchange partner’s home country and stay with his or her family, You will go to school with him or her, You will also take part in local activities.

  You can apply for our educational exchange if you:

  . are aged between 14 and 17.

  . would like to learn about the language, culture, history, geography and way of life of another country.

  . have a reference from your head teacher.

  It will be the adventure of a lifetime. So, what are you waiting for? Apply today!

  参加我们的教育交流

  你喜欢旅行并遇见初见的人吗?是吗?你曾经在另一个国家生活和学习过吗?没有?那么,现在加入我们的教育交流中来吧!

  我们的教育交流是很好的。你可以体验不同的文化并能学一种新的语言。你可以提高你的社交技巧并能交许多朋友。

  我们的教育交流有两部分。在第一个部分中,一名交换生将会来到你的祖国和你的家人呆在一起。在第二部分中,你将会去你交换伙伴的祖国和他或她的家人待在一起。你会和他或她一起上学。你也将会参加当地活动。

  你可以申请我们的教育交流,如果你:

  是在14到17岁之间。

  想学习关于另一个国家的语言、文化、历史、地理和生活方式。

  向你的班主任征询意见。

  这将是一生难得的经历,那么,你还等什么,今天就申请吧!

  二、词汇讲解

  1. The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students.学生们平日和中国学生一起学习。

  (1)spend v 花(时间;钱)度过(spent spent) 人+spend+钱/时间+on sth/ (in) doing sth.

  e.g:He spent 3 hours writing the letter.他写这封信用了3个小时。

  She spent a sleepless night.她度过了一个不眠之夜。

  (2)“花费”的表达法有:

  It takes sb +时间 to do sth.

  It costs +钱

  Sb pay +钱 for sth

  2. ...and they’re teaching me a little Chinese.

  (1)a little+不可数名词

  a little 表示少许,一些,一点点;

  little 表示“没多少,极少,很少”差不多是否定的意思。

  She has little money, so she can't lend me any.

  There is a little water in the bottle, so you can drink some.

  修饰不可数名词的量

  much

  a large amount of

  a little/little

  修饰可数名词

  a great number of

  a few/few many

  修饰可数和不可数名词

  a lot of/ lots of

  plenty of

  some

  a bit

  3. “It’s been a fantastic experience so far,” says Eric,”I have learnt a bit of t’ai chi, and I really enjoy it.” “到目前为止这是一段极其美好的经历”埃里克说,“我学会了一点儿太极,我真的很喜欢。”

  (1)experience n. 经验 (不可数名词) 经历(可数名词) v.体验,有......经历

  e.g.

  He is short of experience. 他缺乏经验

  I had an unusual experience yesterday.昨天我有一次非同寻常的奖励。

  (2)so far 到目前为止 位置可放句尾、句首

  (3)a bit of sth 小量,不多

  some useful bits of information 一些有用的零星信息

  e.g.

  With a bit of luck, we’ll be there by 12. 如果顺利的话,我们将于12点钟赶到那里。

  4. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. We've also tried to paint some pictures ourselves!

  (1)introduce v 介绍

  introduction n.

  (2)As well的用法 与as well as 区别

  A. as well常用作状语,作“又;也”解,相当于too或also,常位于句末,无须用逗号与句子分开。如:

  e.g.

  I am going to London and my sister is going as well(=going,too). 我要到伦敦去,我妹妹也要去。

  =I am going to London and my sister is going ,too)

  I not only play the guitar,I sing as well(=I also sing ).我不但弹吉他,而且还演唱。

  B. as well 在口语中也可用于句中,作“也好,也行”或“倒不如”解,用来缓和语气。如:

  e.g.You may as well go、你去也好。

  The weather was so bad that we might(just)as well have stayed at home.

  天气太坏了,早知道如此,倒不如呆在家里为好。

  C. as well 可以直接用于just后,用作应答语(可视为It's just as well、的省略),作“幸亏,幸而;无妨;没关系”解。如:

  —We were too late to see the film. 我们去得太晚了,没有看上电影。

  —Just as well、I hear it isn't very good. 不必遗憾,我听说电影也不怎么样。

  (3)Try to do try one’s best to do sth

  (4)反身代词

  5. I haven’t had much success yet, but I’ll keep (on)trying.我还没有获得很大的成功,但我会继续努力。

  (1)现在完成时的结构

  have / has+(过去分词)

  haven't done... yet.

  I haven't finished my homework yet.

  I haven't done my homework yet.

  I haven't eaten lunch yet.

  I haven't seen the film yet.

  I haven't found my lost pen yet.

  I haven't made any friends yet.

  I haven't made any progress yet.

  I haven't made a promise yet.

  He hasn't arrived in Beijing yet.

  He hasn't borrowed any money yet.

  (2)success

  succeed in doing sth

  do sth successfully

  (3)yet 副词 “尚,还,已经”,常用于完成时态的疑问句和否定句中

  Already 用在肯定句中

  E.g.Has John arrived yet? 约翰到了没有?

  She hasn’t answered yet. 她尚未作出回答。

  (4)keep doing sth继续不断地做 强调一个活动不间断,保持一个状态

  e.g.The birds kept singing in the tree.

  keep on doing sth继续做 着重指动作的反复多次The boy kept on coughing the whole night.那男孩整夜咳嗽。

  keep+sb/sth +adj 保持某种状态

  6.We’ll see one another soon because they’ll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month.

  我们很快又会见面,因为作为交流的第二部分他们将来到英国。

  (1)one another= each other 彼此 互相

  (2)Come over to 远道而来的

  (3)Because与so不连用

  7....the British students are the same age as me....

  the same +名词+ as= as +形容词/副词+as

  三、现在完成时讲解

  A. 基本结构:

  助动词have/has+过去分词(done)

  B. 句型:

  否定句:

  主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.

  一般疑问句:

  Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.

  C. 简略答语:

  Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)

  No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)

  D.用法

  (1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

  e.g.

  Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances.

  I have spent all of my money.我已经花完了我所有的钱。含义是:现在我没有钱花了.

  Guo Zijun has (just/already) come. 郭子君已经来了。(含义:郭子君现在在这儿)

  My father has gone to work.我爸爸已经去工作了。(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)

  So far I have remembered 400 words.到目前为止我已经记住了400个单词了。

  They have lived here for many years.

  (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与

  for(+时间段),

  since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.

  ①for+时段

  ②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)

  ③since+时段+ago

  ④since+从句(过去时)

  ⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)

  e.g.Mary has been ill for three days.

  I have lived here since 1998.

  四.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别

  Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)

  e.g.Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.

  Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)

  e.g.My father has been to Shanghai.

  Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)

  e.g.My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.

  现在完成时的标志

  1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:

  * 以already, just和yet为标志

  e.g.

  He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。

  He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。

  He hasn't come back yet. 他还没有回来。

  * 以ever和never为标志

  e.g.This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。

  He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。

  * 以动作发生的次数为标志

  e.g.He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。

  * 以so far(到目前为止)为标+before

  e.g.He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。

  She has passed the examso far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。

  2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。

  * ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点(过去 从句)为标志

  注意:

  1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday,last week, three years ago 等;

  2)不能与when连用

  2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用

  六.过去分词

  1、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则:

  (1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited

  (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived ,

  (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,将 "y" 变为 "i" ,再加“ ed ”。

  study---studied---studied ,

  cry---cried---cried

  但是以“元音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,直接加“ ed ”。

  play played

  stay stayed

  (4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。

  stop---stopped---stopped

  drop---dropped--dropped

  2、不规则动词:

  AAA型

  原型 过去式 过去分词 原型 过去式 过去分词 原型 过去式 过去分词

  burst burst burst

  hurt hurt hurt

  let let let

  cost cost cost

  cut cut cut

  hit hit hit

  put put put

  set set set

  shut shut shut

  spread spread spread

  read read read

  read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/

  AAB型 beat beat beaten

  ABA型 become became become

  run ran run

  come came come

  特殊情况

  ABB型

  bring brought brought

  buy bought bought

  build built built

  burn burnt burnt

  catch caught caught

  dig dug dug

  feel felt felt

  sleep slept slept

  sweep swept swept

  fight fought fought

  find found found

  hear heard heard

  hold held held

  keep kept kept

  lay laid laid

  lead led led

  lose lost lost

  make made made

  meet met met

  sell sold sold

  shoot shot shot

  sit sat sat

  stand stood stood

  understand understood understood

  teach taught taught

  think thought thought

  tell told told

  win won won

  ABC型

  lie lay lain

  begin began begun

  blow blew blown

  break broke broken

  choose chose chosen

  draw drew drawn

  drive drove driven

  drink drank drunk

  fly flew flown

  forgive forgave forgiven

  forget forgot forgotten

  freeze froze frozen

  give gave given

  grow grew grown

  know knew known

  steal stole stolen

  ride rode ridden

  rise rose risen

  ring rang rung

  shake shook shaken

  sing sang sung

  sink sank sunk

  swim swam swum

  throw threw thrown

  write wrote written

  七.瞬间动词(buy,die,join,come,go ,leave,join ……)不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词

  buy----have borrow -----keep

  come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in

  go out----be out

  leave ----be away

  finish----be over

  open----be open

  close -----be closed

  die----be dead

  ★1.have代替buy

  My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.

  ★2、用keep或have代替borrow

  I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.

  ★3、用be替代become

  How long has your sister been a teacher?

  ★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold

  Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.

  ★5、用wear代替put on

  b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词

  1、be+married代marry

  2、be+ill代fall (get) ill

  3、be+dead代die

  4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep

  5、be+awake代wake/wake up

  6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave

  7、be+open代open

  8、be closed代close/shut

  9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose

  c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词

  1“be+on”代start,begin

  2“be+up”代get up

  3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to

  4“be here (there)”代come (arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等

  d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词

  1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to

  2.用be in the army 代替join the army

  3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to

  常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表:

  1. have arrived at/in

  got to/reached

  come/gone/moved to

  →have been in /at…相应的介词

  2. have come/gone back/returned

  → have been back

  3. have come/gone out

  →have been out

  4. have become

  → have been

  5. have closed / opened

  → have been close/open

  6. have got up

  → have been up;

  7. have died

  → have been dead;

  8. have left

  → have been away from s

  9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep

  → have been asleep;

  10. have finished/ended/completed

  → have been over;

  11. have married

  → have been married;

  12. have started/begun to do sth.

  → have done sth. ;

  13. have borrowed/bought

  →have kept/had

  14. have lost

  → haven’t had

  16. have put on

  →have worn

  17. have caught /get a cold

  → have had a cold;

  18. have got to know

  → have known

  19. have/has gone to

  → have been in

  20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army

  →have been a member of/have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…

  现在完成时练习(一)

  A)选用have, has填空:

  1.I _______ told him the news.

  2.She ________ come back from school.

  3.You ________ won the game.

  B)按要求改写下列各句:

  4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)

  _________________________________________

  5.He has lost his book.

  (先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)

  _________________________________________

  C) 单项选择

  6. -Where have you _____, Kate? -I've ______ to the bank.

  A. gone, gone B. been, been C. gone, been D. been, gone

  7. Her grandfather ______ for two years.

  A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. has been died

  8. It's six weeks ______ I met you last.

  A. when B. since C. before D. for

  9. Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.

  A. have got B. have gone to C. have been to D. have reached

  现在完成时练习(二)

  一、单项选择。

  1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .(呼和浩特)

  A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know

  2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?

  A. already B.never C.ever D. still

  3、Have you met Mr Li ______?

  A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago

  4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .

  A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written

  5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

  A. has changed ; well B. changed ; good C. has changed ; better D. changed ; better

  6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .

  A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ; studying

  7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

  A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew

  8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .

  A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see

  9、—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really ? When _____ there ?

  A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone

  10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

  A. Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished

  C. Have ; done ; have finished D. will ; do ; finish

  11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

  A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in

  12、—Do you know him well ?— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .

  A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made

  13、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .

  A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived

  14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

  A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began

  15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .

  A. is B. has C. will D. was

  16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .

  A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been

  17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .

  A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been

  18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?

  A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they

  19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?

  A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived

  20、 His uncle____for more than 9 years.

  A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university

  二、句型转换。

  1、He has never surfed, ?(改成反意疑问句)

  2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)

  ____ ____ they been here?

  3、The old man _________ last year. He____

  for a year. (die) (动词填空)

  4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)

  This factory ________ for twenty years.

  5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)

  Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.

  6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)

  Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .

  7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)

  _______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.

  8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)

  ___________________________________________

  三、汉译英。

  1、 吉姆已做完作业,他现在有空了。

  2、他昨天收到一封信。

  3、我父亲以前到过长城。

  4、她还没有看过那部新电影。

  5、她去过上海。

  6、他这些天上哪儿去了?

  语法专项--现在完成时

  如果你想说“我已经看过某部电影,所以不想看了”、“某人曾经做过什么事情”等等,该如果表达呢?首先请看下面的句子:

  (1)I have seen the film. I don’t want to see it again.

  这部电影我已经看过,不想再看了。

  (2)Have you answered all the questions? 所有的问题你都回答了吗?

  (3)Have you ever looked at a travel brochure?

  你看过旅游宣传册吗?

  (4)She has never visited the USA.

  她从没有过去美国。

  观察:以上句子的谓语动词的一个共同特点是_____________________________, 用于表示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情,这种行为对目前有某种影响。我们把这种时态称为“现在完成时”。

  一、 现在完成时的概念。

  ①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

  She has been ill for three days. (她病了三天了。)

  ② 表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

  We've known each other since we were children. (我们从小就认识。)

  I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.

  ③常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:

  just刚刚 yet 仍然,还 now 现在 lately 最后

  ever 曾经 today 今天 never 从未 before 从前

  recently 最近 already 已经 this week 本周 since 自从

  for a long tine 很长时间了 since then 自那以来

  so far 到目前为止 in the past/last few years 在过去/最近的几年

  二、构成:”助动词have, has + 过去分词”

  现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式(以work为例):

  人称肯定否定疑问回答

  第一人称I have seen the UFO.

  We have travelled around the world.I haven’t seen the UFO.

  We haven’t travelled around the world.Have you seen the UFO?

  Have you travelled around the world?Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.

  Yes, we have./ No, we haven’t.

  第二人称You have been to England.You haven’t been to England.Have you been to England?Yes, I/we have.

  No, I /we haven’t.

  第三人称He/She has been to Beijing.

  They have given concerts all over the world.He/ She hasn’t been to Beijing.

  They haven’t given concerts all over the world. Has he/ she been to Beijing?

  Have they given concerts all over the world?Yes, he/she has.

  No, he/she hasn’t.

  Yes, they have.

  No, they haven’t.

  注:规则动词的过去分词的构成与过去是相同,不规则动词的过去分词见附表。

  随堂练习

  .把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。

  1. I have done my homework.

  否定句:_______________________________________

  一般疑问句:___________________________________

  回答:_________________________________________

  2. The plane has arrived.

  否定句:_______________________________________

  一般疑问句:___________________________________

  回答:_________________________________________

  三、动词的过去分词构成规则

  (1) 规则变化

  ① 大部分动词在词尾直接加-ed

  clean cleaned help helped

  ② 以不发音的e结尾的,直接加-d

  like liked live lived

  ③ 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,变y为i再加ed

  try tried study studied

  ④ 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的,需要双写最后这个辅音字母再加-ed.

  plan planned stop stopped

  (2) 不规则变化

  see seen find found

  需根据不规则变化表进行专门记忆

  随堂练习

  写出下列单词的过去分词形式

  work _________ finish ___________ arrive___________

  change_________ see___________ have___________

  marry__________ visit__________ miss___________

  prefer__________ do___________ hear____________

  live____________ clean________ study___________

  meet___________ be __________ climb___________

  plan____________ take_________ stop____________

  keep____________ buy_________ spend____________

  learn___________ forget__________ bring____________

  四、 现在完成时用法归纳

  1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成,对现在造成的影响和结果。(此种用法谓语动词用结束性动词)

  如: The plane has arrived.

  常用的时间状语和副词:already ,yet , ever , never

  ①already 已经; yet 尚未,仍未,还;强调前不久完成的动作对现在造成的影响,谓语动词使用非延续性动词。already 用于肯定句中,yet 用于否定句和疑问句的句末。

  例如:I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成我的家庭作业了。

  He hasn’t come yet.他还没有回来。

  Has she finished cooking yet? 他做完饭了吗?

  练:I have already done my homework. (变为否定句)

  ______________________________________________

  ②ever (曾经),句中;never (从不) ,表示否定,强调到目前为止的生活经历。谓语动词用延续性动词。

  例如:Have you ever climb that mountain? 你曾经爬过那座山吗?

  Have you ever been to Shanghai?你曾经去过上海吗?

  I have never late for school.我从来没有迟到过。

  ③already ever与never应位于助动词have/has 之后,主要动词之前。

  拓展:before (以前),句尾,独立用

  I haven’t met him before. 我以前从来没有见过他。

  just (刚刚),用于肯定句中,常用在助动词和过去分词之间。

  如:I have just heard the news. 我刚刚听到消息。

  跟踪训练

  ( )1. Have you ______ heard of Disneyland?

  A. always B. ever C. never D. sometimes

  ( )2. I have ________ finished my homework. So I can have a rest now.

  A. ever B. already C. never D. yet

  ( )3. She is a good student, she has _______ been late for school.

  A. ever B. already C. never D. yet

  ( )4. I am very hungry , I haven’t had my breakfast________.

  A. ever B. already C. never D. yet

  2. 完成时可用于表示某时间段里完成的动作,常与today, these days, recently等时间状语连用。如:

  Have you seen her these days? 译: _________________________

  Have you been to the library today? 译:______________________

  Have you read the book recently? 译:_______________________

  3.现在完成时表示过去已经开始,持续到现在,可能延续到将来的动作和状态。

  常与表示过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语连用。如:

  a. for + 一段时间:for two hours

  b. since + 时间点:since 1999, since last year

  c. since + 一段时间+ ago: since two days ago

  d. since + 从句(用过去时)

  e. up to now, till now, until now, so far

  f. in the past two years, in the last few days

  g. recently, lately

  如: Miss Zhao has taught math for five years.

  His mother has worked in the shop since 1990.

  The Greens have lived in London since three years ago.

  [注]:其中在a,b,c,d 这四种结构中,谓语动词必须为延续性动词。

  如: I have had this book for one and a half years. (这本书我已买了一年半了!)

  不能用buy

  跟踪训练

  用since 或者for 填空

  1. I have studied English _______ 5 years.

  2. I have studied English _______ 5 years ago.

  3. I have studied English _______ 2008.

  4. She has taught math _________ 3 years.

  5. She has taught math _________ 3 years ago.

  6. She has taught math _________ 2010.

  4. 短暂性动词怎样和表示一段时间的状语连用。

  英语中的短暂性动词,也叫做终止性动词、瞬间动词或非延续性动词,只表示一时的动作,在肯定句式中不能与表示延续的时间状语连用。常见的短暂性动词有:go, come, leave, find, buy, arrive, give, stop, join, marry, die, begin, start, borrow, close, open, lend等。

  eg. I have bought this book for three months. (×)

  非延续性动词与一段时间连用时可采用下列三种方法:

  (1)将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。

  leave- have (has) been away from close- be closed

  join- have (has) been (in) begin/start- be on

  buy- have (has) had go- be there

  die- have (has) dead finish- be over

  come (arrive)- have (has) been here

  borrow- have (has) kept

  begin to work- have (has) worked

  open- have (has) been open

  get up- have (has) been up

  put on – have (has) on

  come back- have (has) been back

  gone (left)- been away

  joined – been

  got to know – known

  (2)时间状语的变化:把表时间的状语“for…”变为“数词+ 时间名词+ago”的短语形式。(即:将时间状语改为过去时间,并用一般过去时代替现在完成时)

  如:他参军五年了。(判断正误)

  He has joined the Army for five years. ( )

  He has been in the Army for five years. ( )

  He joined the Army five years ago. ( )

  他离开济南三年了。

  He has left Ji’nan for three years. ( )

  He has been away from Ji’nan for three years.

  He left Ji’nan three years ago.

  (3) 句子模式的变化。用句型“It is + 一段时间+ since从句”(从句中的谓语动词用非延续性动词的一般过去式表示)如:

  The old man died two years ago.

  = The old man has been dead for two years.

  = It is two years since the old man died.

  跟踪训练

  句型转换。

  1. I have borrowed a new book from the school library.

  I _________ _________ a new book from the school library for two days.

  2. She has gone there.

  She _________ ________ there _________ yesterday.

  3. The film has begun.

  The film __________ ___________ ___________ __________ five minutes.

  4. The boy has come back.

  The boy _________ ___________ _________ for an hour.

  5. The man in a hat has left.

  The man in a hat _________ _________ __________ _________ half an hour ago.

  6. He has already died.

  He ____________ ____________ ____________ for twenty years.

  7. The young man has joined the League.

  The young man ________ ________ __________ member _______ two years.

  The young man _____ ________ _______ _______ League ______ two years ago.

  5. have been to/ have gone to/ have been in 三种结构的区别

  (1)have been to 去过某地(现已离开),可以与ever, never, once, twice等连用。

  (2)has gone to 去某地了,说话时某人已离开此地,在去某地的路上或已在某地,总之现在还未回来。此句型一般用于第三人称。

  (3) have been in 表示已在某地呆了多久,若该地为小地方则用at。

  翻译:

  你以前去过北京吗?___________________________

  吉姆已经去了伦敦。___________________________

  格林一家在中国已经两年了。_____________________

  单项选择

  ( )1. I have ________ Beijing three times.

  A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at

  ( )2.---Where is Mike?

  -----He has _______ London .

  A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at

  ( )3. Tony has never _______ China. He looks forward to coming to China

  A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at

  ( )4.Lucy has ________ China for 5 years.

  A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at

  ( )5.The teacher has ________ the village to teach the poor students for 10 years.

  A. been to B. gone to C. been in D. been at

  6. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:

  (1) 侧重点不同:现在完成时是与现在有关的时态,属现在时态范畴,它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时是一种过去时态,侧重于表示过去的动作,与现在无关。如:

  Yesterday I went to the zoo. (仅说明昨天去了动物园,与现在无关)

  Li Lei has read the book. (说明李磊了解那本书的内容)

  (2)连用的时间状语不同:一般过去时常与ago, yesterday, last…, in 2000, just now等连用。而现在完成时与already, yet, still, just, so far, in the last/ past…, before, ever, never, since…, for…等时间状语连用。

  [注] 现在完成时不可与yesterday, last week, two days ago等过去时间状语连用。

  综合训练

  一、单项选择。

  ( )1. Miss Gao isn’t here. She ________ to the bus station to meet Mr. Brown.

  A. go B. has gone C. has been D. would go

  ( )2. – How clean the bedroom is!

  - Yes, I am sure that someone _______it.

  A. cleans B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. had cleaned

  ( )3. Drison Break is the best American TV player that I _____ these years.

  A. watch B. will watch C. have watched D.was watching

  ( )4. I’m not hungry because I ______ lunch already.

  A. have B. had C. am having D. have had

  ( )5. – How long have Mr and Mrs Smith________?

  - For more than twenty years.

  A. married B. had married C. got married D. been married

  ( )6. In the past few years there ______ great changes in my hometown.

  A. have been B. were C. had been D. are

  ( )7. — ________ you ______ the film Harry Potter Ⅱ?

  — Not yet. I’ll see it this Sunday.

  A. Did, see B. Are; seeing C. Have, seen D. Do, see

  ( )8. The Smiths moved to China ten years ago and ______ here since then.

  A. has lived B. was living C. live D. have lived

  ( )9. – Will you watch the World Cup match this year?

  - No, but I ________ several World Cup matches since I was a small child.

  A. had seen B. see C. was seeing D. have seen

  ( )10. I won’t return the book to the library because I ______ reading it.

  A. wasn’t finish B. don’t finish C. won’t finish D. haven’t finished

  ( )11. – How many times _______ you ______ the Great Wall?

  - Only once. I _______ there three years ago.

  A. did, go to, have gone B. had, gone to, went

  C. have, been to, went D. have, been to, have gone

  ( )12. - _______ you ______ the magazine from the school library yet?

  - Yes, I ______ it for two weeks.

  A. Have, borrowed, have kept B. Have, borrowed, have borrowed

  C. Did, borrowed, borrowed D. Did, borrow, have kept

  ( )13. Premier Zhou (周总理) ______ for many years, but he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people.

  A. died B. had died C. has been died D. has been dead

  ( )14. Her mother _______ in the factory. She _____ there since it opened.

  A. is working, worked B. works, worked

  C. works, has worked D. worked, has worked

  ( )15. – Hi! Jim! Nice to meet you!

  - Hi, it’s one year since I last ______ you.

  A. saw B. see C. seeing D. have seen

  ( )16. He _____ from the factory for a week.

  A. has left B. has been away C. did leave D. will leave

  ( )17. I _______ a letter from him since he left.

  A. haven’t left B. didn’t receive C. didn’t have D. haven’t feel

  ( )18. – Oh, Mrs King, your coat looks nice. Is it new?

  - No, I ________ it for two years.

  A. had B. have had C. bought D. have bought

  4.They are waiting for a __________(客人)to dinner. 5. My mother is ________(高兴)to meet her old friends at the aiport. 6. Mr Smith is the __________(主人), the party is at his house. 7. We should learn more __________(文化)about this beautiful country. guest glad host culture 8. My parents have to work on ___________(weekday). 9. He was ____________(success)in everything he did. 10. I _________________(finish) the book yet. weekdays successful haven’t finished n. exchange culture host guest chopstick weekday experience t’ai chi success adj. educational local British glad fantastic V tour introduce respect adv. already yet phrases at first so far a bit of introduce …to come over (to ) Thank you ! Unit5 Educational exchanges Words n. exchange 交流,互访 culture 文化 host 主人 guest 客人 chopstick 筷子 weekday 工作日 experience 经验,经历 t’ai chi 太极 success 成功 adj. educational 有教育意义的 local 地方的,本地的 British 英国的 glad 高兴的 fantastic 极好的 V tour 在。。。旅游 introduce 介绍 respect 尊重 adv. already 已经 yet 尚未,仍未 phrases at first 起初,起先 so far 到目前为止 a bit of 小量 introduce …to 使。。。初次认识 come over (to ) 从。。。到。。。 1. educational adj. 有关教育意义的, 有教育意义的 This summer camping is very educational. 这次夏令营很有教育意义。 education n. 教育 He got good education in his country . 他在他的国家得到很好的教育。 2. exchange n. 交流, 互访 The exchange of the culture between Shenzhen and Hongkong is very important. 深圳和香港之间的文化交流是很重的 in exchange for 交换 交流 I took the book back to the shop and got a CD in exchange for it. 我把书拿回了书店,换回了一张CD。 exchange v. 交换,互换 My new mobile phone didn’t work, so I exchanged it for another one. 我新买的手机坏了,所以换了另外一个。 Some exercises 1.We ___________(交换)telephone numbers at the end of the holiday. 2. The film is very __________(有教育意义的)。 We can show it to the children. exchanged educational zxxk 3. culture 文化 Our teacher often talkes about the English culture in class. 我们老师经常在课堂上谈论英国文化。 Beijing is the center of the culture in China. 在中国北京是一个文化中心。 4. host 主人 The host is very friendly to us. 主人对我们很友好。 host ---guest 客人 hostess 女主人 5. local adj.当地的,地方的 The local food is very special . 当地的食物很特别。 The _________people are very friendly. 当地人非常的友好。 local 6. British adj. 英国的,英国人 The British people like talking about the weather. 英国人喜欢谈论天气。 There is a ________flag. 那里有一面英国国旗。 British 文化小知识点插: England 英格兰,英国 –English British是英国人,但它表示包括England土人(English),苏格兰人(Scottish)和威尔士人(Wales)的一个统称。 Britain 大不列颠 UK是英国的简写 大不列颠 及北爱尔兰 联合王国 The United Kingdom ( the UK) 7. glad –--happy adj. 高兴的 be glad to do sth 很高兴做某事 He is glad to meet you . 他很高兴见到你。 8. guest n. 客人 host n.主人 When there are some guests coming to my home, my mother likes to cook fish. 当有客人来我家时,我妈妈喜欢煮鱼来吃 9. chopstick n.筷子 一般做复数用 chopsticks The American people don’t like to use chopsticks. 美国人不喜欢用筷子。 10. weekday n. 工作日 weekday---- from Monday to Friday weekend n. 周末 My father is very busy on weekdays. 在工作日我爸爸很忙。 11. tour v. 在。。。旅游 We are touring Italy for the holiday this year. 今年我们要去意大利旅行度假 tour n.旅行 go on a tour 去旅行 tourist 游客 trip travel journey tour, journey ,trip ,travel tour是类似周游、观光旅游的旅行,比如tour of London, tour of World,一般短语就是on the tour of some place journey是着重于行程时间比较长的旅行,较正式,比如我们在飞机上常常看到"Wish you have a good journey.";另一点我认为journey还强调抽象的“旅程”的意思,比如"Life is a journey." trip是有目的性的旅行,强调“短期旅行”,但实际上口语上trip和journey是可以互换的。 travel的意思就很广泛了,算是一个总称,着重于“离开居住地去其他地方作短途旅行”。 zxxk 12. fantastic adj. 极好的 , 了不起的 同义词:good, wonderful You look fantastic today! 你今天气色很好! The meal you cooked is fantastic. 你做的这顿饭太丰盛了! 13 . experience n. 经验,经历 当“经验”的意思的时候是不可数名词。 He has lots of experience in teaching Maths. 当“经历”的意思时是可数名词 Visiting the Great Wall is a fantastic experience to me. 参观长城对我来说是一次很棒的经历。 What _______our journey was! A. exciting experience B. an exciting experience C. an excited experience 14. already adv. 已经,早已 The meal is already on the table. 饭菜已经放在桌子上了。 We must be quick. It is already five o’clock. 我们必须快点, 已经五点了。 15. introduce v.介绍 Please let me introduce my friend Tom to you ! 请让我向你介绍我的朋友Tom. I want to introduce a book to you. 我想给你介绍一本书。 introduce –introduction 介绍书,说明书 16. success n.成功 He got great success in doing business. 他做生意取得了很大的成功。 (取得成功,当做不可数名词用) His book is a great success. 他的书是一个很大的成功。 (某一个事情是一个成功,当做可数名词用) successful adj. 成功的 succeed v. 成功做某事 be successful in doing sth succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事 He is successful in doing his business. He succeeds in doing his business. 他做生意很成功。 17. yet adv. 尚未,仍未 He hasn’t finish his homework yet. 他还没完成作业。 I didn’t have my supper yet. 我还没吃完饭。 yet 一般放在否定或者疑问句中 already 放在肯定句中, “已经”的意思。 still 放在肯定句中 “依然”的意思 18. respect v.尊重 We should respect ourselves , at the same time , respect others. 我们应该尊重自己,同时也要尊重他人。 respect n. 尊重 He shows his respect to his teacher by saying hello . 通过问好, 他向老师表达了他的尊重。 More practice 1. It would be a good __________(经历)for me, because I want to be a teacher in the future. 2. Write a short story about your ______________(美妙的)trip to the Great Wall. 3. Many people _________(旅行)by car in summer. experience fantastic tour

  ==================资料简介======================

  More practice&Culture corner 同步练习

  一、单词题。根据课文内容填空。

  【1】Do you love to travel and meet new people Yes Have you ever ______(live) and studied in another __________(country) No well, join our educational exchange now!

  【2】____ (we) educational exchange is fantastic

  (=_________). You can experience a different culture and learn a new language. You can improve your social skills and make lots of (=_______)friends.

  【3】There are two ________(part) in our educational exchange. In the ______ (one) part, an exchange student will travel _____ (介词) your home country and stay with your family. In the second part, you will travel to your exchange _______(partner) home country and stay with his or her family. You will go to school with him or her. You will also take part in local activities.

  【4】You can apply _____ (介词) our educational exchange if you:

  Are ______(age )between 14 _____ (介词) 17.

  一.根据reading内容重述,一空一词。

  The Greeks tried for ten years to ______ the city of Troy. However, they didn’t _______. So they thought of a clever _____. They left a _____ wooden horse ___ ___ _______ outside the ____ gates of the city. The Trojan ______ ordered his men to ____ it into the city. They thought they won the war and _________ happily that night. However, when the square was _____ at _______, the Greek soldiers climbed ______ out of the horse from a _____ door and opened the main gates to let their army_____ the city. This time, the Greeks finally ________ the city.

  二、单选

  ( )1. — ____ has Jerry been a member of the Chess Club

  — _____ last month.

  A. How soon; Since B. How often; For

  C. How long; Since D. How much; For

  ( )2.I believe that you can make your dream come true as long as you never

  ______.

  A. give into B. give out C. give up D. give away

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