[小学语文语法知识大全]语法大全

来源:信息简报 时间:2018-08-06 19:00:03 阅读:

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语法大全一:关于初中英语分词语态的语法大全

  分词语态通常是现在分词表示的是主动语态,而过去分词则是表示被动的语态。
  1)通常,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动,例如:
  He is the man giving you the money. (= who gave you…) 他就是给你钱的那个人
  He is the man stopped by the car. ( = who was stopped by…)
  他就是那个被车拦住的人。
  2)不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生
  gone, fallen, retired, grown-up, escaped, faded, returned
  例: a well-read person. 一个读过许多书的人
  a much-travelled may 一个去过许多地方的人
  a burnt-out match 烧完了的火柴
  初中英语学习方法之F开头短语总结
  fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来
  fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
  far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home
  find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
  find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting
  finish 完成+doing(名词)
  fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人
  forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don"t forget to go home I forget closing door
  from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me to her
  初中英语作文大全之Train travel and air travel
  Train travel and air travel
  Air travel has two advantages compared with train travel. It’s very fast and comfortable, and we can have a good rest in the plane. But air travel is very expensive.
  Not only do we cost less when we travel by train, but we can also see much good scenery. Take the trip from Beijing to Guangzhou for example, if we go there by train, it costs us about 250 yuan, and we will spent about 24 hours on the travel. Besides, it is very crowed, and we may not have a good rest. But we can see much good scenery along the way.
  If we go there by air, it only takes us two hours, and it costs at least 900 yuan. It’s also very fast and comfortable, and we will have a good rest as well. On the contrary, we will miss much beautiful scenery.
  However, different people like different ways of traveling. People will choose the best way which is suitable for them to travel.
  beat, hit, strike的区别
  1. beat 指反复地打,尤指用木棍或其它较硬的东西打。如:
  He beat the boy with a stick. 他用棍子打那孩子。
  注意以下用法:
  (1) beat 还可表示“(心脏)跳动”(注意联想心脏跳动的连续性与beat 表示“打”的反复性)。
  (2) “打鼓”、“打拍子”等均强调动作的连续和反复,因此可分译为:beat a drum, beat time.
  2. hit 指有目标地重重一击,侧重击中的意思。如:
  He hit 初三 me in the face, 他打了我一耳光。
  3. strike 指急速地或突然地用力打击或敲击。如:
  The car ran out of control and struck a tree. 汽车失去控制,撞在树上。
  初中英语谓语动词专项语法的辅导
  谓语动词用复数的情况
  1)both, some, few, many等用作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用复数。
  【例如】
  Both of my parents are over seventy years old.
  Many students in my class have creative thoughts and wide knowledge.
  2)“the +形容词”作主语,在表示一类人或事物时,谓语动词用复数。
  【例如】
  The aged are well taken care of by the government.
  The poor are often looked down upon by the rich.
  The young have respect for the old in China.
  3)a number of, a lot of, any of, most of, the rest of, some of, none of, all of修饰复数名词时,谓语动词用复数。
  【例如】
  Most of the teachers are responsible and knowledgeable.
  A number of books have been published on the subject.
  None of the books attract me a lot. the number of表示“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数。
  【例如】
  The number of books published on this subject is simply amazing.
  The number of foreign visitors to China has been increasing over the last several years.
  4)集合名词作主语时,当名词表示整体时,谓语动词用单数;当名词强调集体中的个体时,谓语动词用复数。
  【例如】
  The family is the basic unit of society. The family have agreed among themselves to spend their vocation in Europe.
  初中英语名词所有格语法大全
  1、名词所有格
  名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式:
  (1)一般情况下在词尾加""s"。例如:
  Kate"s father Kate的爸爸
  my mother"s friend 我妈妈的朋友
  (2)如果复数名词以s结尾,只加"""。例如:
  Teachers" Day 教师节
  The boys" game 男孩们的游戏
  (3)如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加""s"。例如:
  Children"s Day 儿童节
  Women"s Day 妇女节
  (4)表示两个或几个共有时,所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如:
  Lucy and Lily"s room Lucy 和Lily的房间
  Kate and Jim"s father Kate 和Jim的爸爸
  动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加""s",而常常用介词of的短语来表示。
  a map of China 一幅中国地图
  the name of her cat 她的猫的名字
  a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片
  the door of the bedroom 卧室的门
  初中英语语法大全辅导之双宾结构
  pass / give / teach / offer / lend / send / sell / call / show / buy / ask / tell 等可加双宾结构。也就是接sb + sth.
  Pass me the book, please. He gave us some pens.
  其中pass, give, offer, lend, send, sell, show等也可接sth + to sb. 如: lend the book to me.
  buy, build等可接sth + for sb. My brother bought a dictionary for me.
  另外,若sth是代词时,不用双宾结构。Please show it to me. 而不说show me it.

语法大全二:学习英语语法知识课件

  语法是语言学的一个分支,研究按确定用法来运用的词类、词的屈折变化或表示相互关系的其他手段以及词在句中的功能和关系。学习英语语法知识课件,一起来看看下文。
  学习英语语法知识课件一
  英语语法名词性从句知识:主语从句学习指要用来作主语的句子叫做主语从句。如:
  (1)When he was born is unknown. 他生于何时还不知道。
  (2)What he did last night is being investigated. 他昨天晚上干了些什么正在调查之中。
  在主语从句中须注意:
  1. 主语从句一般用it作形式主语,放在句首,而将主语从句放到句末。如:
  (1)It is possible that he has stolen the car. 很可能他偷了小车。
  (2)Isn’t it strange that he should not have passed the test? 他测试没有通过,难道不奇怪吗?
  2. if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语,放在句首,而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如:
  It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。
  3. that引导主语从句放在句首时,that不可省,但在句末口语中可省。如:
  That he was ill yesterday is known now. 大家都已知道他昨天生了病。
  4. 连接代词引导主语从句只能放在句首。如;
  (1)Who has broken the glass is unknown. 谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。
  (2)What he wants is all here. 他所要的东西都在这里。
  5. 主语从句中主句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式,但what引导主语从句的主句谓语动词的形式须根据句子的意思来判断。如
  (1)How he worked it out is still a secret. 他是如何把它做出来的还是一个秘密
  (2)What they makes in this factory are TV sets. 他们在工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。
  英语语法名词性从句知识点:八种宾语从句不省略that
  【导语】英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了英语语法大全,希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。
  引导宾语从句的that在下列情况下一般不省略:
  1. 宾语从句前有插入语。如:
  We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们呆在家里。
  2. 有间接宾语时。如:
  He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。
  3. that在与之并列的另一个宾语从句之后。如:
  He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children like to read it.他说那本书很有趣,所有小孩都喜欢读。
  4. 在“it(形式宾语)+补语”之后时。如:
  I think it necessary that he should stay here. 我们认为他有必要留在这里。
  5. that从句单独回答问题时。如:
  —What did he hear? 他听说了什么事?
  —That Kate had passed the exam. (他听说)凯特考试及格了。
  6. 在except等介词后。如:
  He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.他除了抽烟太多之外,没有什么特别的毛病。
  7. 位于句首时。如:
  That our team will win, I believe. 我相信我们队会赢。
  8. 在较为正式或不常用的动词(如reply, object)后。如:
  He replied that he disagreed. 他回答说他不同意。
  学习英语语法知识课件二
  英语语法知识:It be time +(that)从句
  在英语里,“It be time +(that)从句”是一个较为常用的句型,它表示“该做……的时候了”的意思。该句型属于主从复合句的一种;其主句部分为"It be time",从句部分的连词that可以省略。以下从三个方面简要谈谈这一句型。
  一、time前面的修饰语
  句型“It be time +(that)从句”通常暗示“有点迟了”,为了强调这一含义,可以在time的前面加形容词high.例如:
  It"s high time we started.
  It is high time that more women ran the arts.
  为了使语气得到进一步的加强,还可以在high的前面加certainly, more than等副词或词组:
  It is certainly high time that we ordered dinner.
  形容词full也可以加在time的前面,用来加强语气。例如:
  It"s full time you had a nice day.
  It is full time that boy went to herding.
  time前面还可以加about,这时句型所表达的意思是“早该……”。例如:
  It"s about time we started.
  It"s about time I settled down.
  上面两例中的about可以用getting来代替,句意不变;这可以视为句型“It be time +(that)从句”的一种变体。
  二、从句中的动词形式
  在“(that)从句”中,动词形式通常是一般过去时。这是一种奇特而有趣的语言现象,即用假设的过去时来代替实际的将来时。从英语史的角度来看,从句中的动词形式用过去时原是属虚拟语气;但从语言发展的观点来看,目前这种动词形式视为陈述语气比较合适。
  著名语言学家夸克(R. Quirk)教授等人在1985年出版的《英语语法大全》一书中认为,“(that)从句”的动词形式一定要用“假设的过去时”。他们举了一例:It"s time I was in bed.其实,动词形式除常用过去时外,也可以用其他时态和语态(用何种形式应视情况而定)。正如著名语言学家周海中教授在1988年发表的《探讨“It be time (that)…”句型》一文中所言:在现代英语里,“(that)从句”中的动词形式一般用过去时,这是基本规则;有时也可以用其他的动词形式,但应视为特殊用法。他在其文中列举了大量实例,用于论证和说明。
  1.用were型虚拟语气。例如:
  It"s high time I were hence. (W. Shakespeare)
  It"s time I were gone. (A. Tennyson)
  由于英语的发展,虚拟语气与陈述语气之间的区别正在逐渐消失。基于这种情况,虚拟语气的were也正在逐渐地代替陈述语气的was.
  2.用be型虚拟语气。例如:
  You reckon I be found anywhere with him, time he start belle ring. (W. Faulkner)
  It is time that more of the research dollars now devoted to cure be diverted to finding new and more humane ways of curing that will make a cancer patient"s remaining years happier, more comfortable, and more productive. (Science, 1984, Vol. 5, No.7)
  动词形式用be型虚拟语气是古英语的用法。目前,这一用法在英国英语中已“日薄西山”,而在美国英语中却有“东山再起”之势,但主要见于正式文体。
  3.借助情态动词should
  It"s time this heart should be unmoved. (G. Byron)
  It may be time that I should meet with some misfortune; but I hope it is not this. (C. Dickens)
  上面用法主要见于文学作品,尤其是英国人写的。
  4.用过去进行时。例如:
  It"s time we were leaving. (H. Maclnnes)
  It"s time we were getting home. (E. O"Neil)
  上面用法通常是一些表示位置转移的动作动词。

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