【www.bbjkw.net--读书笔记】
第一篇特殊疑问词:一般现在时课件
一般现在时态定义及变化规则
例句：I am a teacher,
否定句为：I am not a teacher
一般现在时泛用于习惯性动作，主语加动词原形，单三加s或es，以o/s/sh/ch/x结尾加es
实义动词的一般现在时如果句子的动词不是be 动词 "am is are" 而是其他实义动词, 疑问句和否定句要借助于助动词"do"或者 "does"， 也就是说be 动词和实义动词原形不能同时使用。 这里的 "do"，"does" 本身没有什么意义，只是帮助构成疑问句和否定句."do"和 "does"的使用要随着人称的变化而变化。请看下面两组句子，注意区分他们的共同点和不同点。
肯定句：I go to school every day.
否定句：I don"t go to school every day.
单三形式 肯定句：He goes to school every day. 否定句：He doesn"t go to school every day.
Do you go to school every day? -----------Does he go to school every day?
Yes, I do. (No, I don"t) --------------Yes, he does. (No, he doesn"t)
当主语是第三人称单数时
肯定句为：主语+动词的s形式+宾语
否定句为：主语+助动词doesn"t+动词原形+宾语 疑问句为：Does+主语+动词原形+宾语
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助动词does.
注：第三人称单数用了 does 后面就不用动词的s形式了,而用动词原形.
动词的一般现在时态, 除了第三人称单数(he she it) 外,其余都用动词原形。
当主语是其他人称时
肯定句为：主语+动词原形+宾语
否定句为：主语+助动词don"t+动词原形+宾语 疑问句为：Do+主语+动词原形+宾语
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助动词do.
注：变为疑问句,要在句首加"do" ; 变为否定句, 要在动词前面加"do not", 可以简写为 "don"t".
构成 现在进行时的构成是：主语+be动词（am /is /are）+动词ing形式〔现在分词〕 肯定句：主语+be动词（am /is /are）+动词ing+其他。
否定句：主语+be动词（am /is /are）+not+动词ing+其他。
一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+动词ing+其他。
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
肯定回答：Yes，主语+be动词（am /is /are）。
否定回答：No，主语+be动词（am /is /are）+not。
注：is not可以缩写成isn‘t，are not可以缩写成aren’t，但是am not在现代英语中不可以缩写——古英语及诗歌中am not缩写成ain‘t。
变化规则
时间状语 可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语，常用的有：now，this week，at the moment，right now 等；或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间，或者用look，listen（常用于句子的开头，表示提醒听者注意正在发生的事情）。例如：
◇They are playing basketball now.
现在，他们正在打篮球。
◇Listen， She is singing an English song.
听，她正在唱英文歌。
◇Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
◇We are making model planes these days.
这些天我们在做飞机模型。
◇It"s 6:30 now. I am getting up.
现在是6：30，我正在起床。
句型分析
1、一般疑问句是将be移到主语前面，句末加问号，读升调。
be+主语+doing sth
◇Are they putting up the scaffolding? Yes, they are. / No, they aren"t.
◇Is he showing a foreign guest round the city? Yes, he is. / No, he isn"t.
2、否定句式是在be动词后加not。
主语+be+not+doing sth
◇I am not working.
◇He isn"t runnig or the track.
◇The students aren"t playing football.
使用场合 1、当句中出现的表示时间的词是now，at the moment，；（此刻、现在）等时，表示句子要说明的是现在正在发生的事，动词应用现在进行时。
◇Linda"s brother is watching TV in his bedroom now.
现在，琳达的哥哥正在他的卧室里看电视。
◇We"re far from home. What are our parents doing at the moment?
现在，我们远离家了，我们的父母此刻在干什么呢？
2、当句中出现的时间状语是these days，this week，this month,this term 等时，如果句子所要表达的意义是在这一阶段正在发生的事，则动词应用现在进行时。
◇These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm.
这些天我们在农场帮农民们干活。
◇They"re having a test this week.
这一周，他们在进行一次考试。
◇Mr Cheng is visiting our village this month.
这个月，程先生在我们村访问。
3、在句中出现了Look，Listen，Can"t you see? 等暗示词时，说明后面谓语动词的动作正在发生，该动词应用现在进行时。
◇Look! Maria and Tom are dancing under the tree.
看！玛丽亚和汤姆正在树下跳舞。
◇Listen! Our English teacher is singing the popular English song.
听！我们英语老师正在唱那首流行的英文歌曲。
◇Many children are swimming in the river. Can"t you see?
许多小孩在河里游泳，你难道看不见吗？
4、注意根据上下文的暗示，句子的谓语动词可能应用现在进行时。
◇— Where is Mr Wang?
—王先生在哪儿？
◇— Oh, he is reading a newspaper in the office.
— 噢，他正在办公室看报。
（问句询问王先生在哪儿，应说明他现在在哪儿，故答句应说明他现在正在做的事，用现在进行时。）
◇—Is that boy Jack?
—那个男孩是杰克吗？
◇— No,Jack is doing his homework in the classroom.
—不是，杰克正在教室做作业呢。
（答句中说明的杰克做作业的情况应发生在现在，应用现在进行时。）
5、现在进行时态表将来，主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。常有“意图”“决定”的意思
◇They’re getting married next month.
他们下个月结婚。
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第二篇特殊疑问词:英语基本句型课件
导语：对于英语基本句型，各位同学要好好掌握哦。以下是小编整理的英语基本句型，供各位阅读和参考。
5种英语基本句型
1. “主语 + 谓语（不及物动词）”(即“主谓”句型)
这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明“某人或某物如何动作”，或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.
分析：“they”（主语）“arrived”（谓语）。
2. “主语 + 谓语（及物动词） + 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)
这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同，用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者说“某人或某物发出了动作，并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。
例：I study English.
分析：“I”（主语）“study”（谓语动作）“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。
3. “主语 + 谓语（及物动词） + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)
这一句型英汉语序结构相同，说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”，或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象，其中一个间接对象为人，另一个为物”。
例：Our teacher taught us English.
分析：“our teacher”(主语) “taught”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。
4. “主语 + 谓语（及物动词） + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)
这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。
例： He asked her to go there.
分析：“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语——补充说明宾语做什么)。
5. “主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)
这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be，keep，lie，remain， stand，become，fall，get，go，grow，turn，look，feel，seem，smell，sound，taste等。
例：I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。
分析：“I”(主语)“am”(系动词)“a teacher”(表语——表明主语的身份)。
常考30个英语基础句型
1. be doing/be about to do/had done…when…(when：这时, 强调一个动作的突然发生)
I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.
I was about to leave when it began to rain.
I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over.
2. It was (not ) + 时间段+before +一般过去时（过了一段时间就......）
It will (not ) be+ 时间段+before +一般现在时（要过一段时间才会…）
It is/has been +时间段+ since…..
It was +点时间+ when…..
It was +时间状语+ that …..（强调句）
It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境危险（动作已发生）
It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 还有半年你才从这个学校毕业（动作未发生）
It is 3 years since he worked here.
It was 3 o’clock when they received the telephone.（时间状语从句）
It was at 3 o’clock that they received the telephone.
3. more…than… 与其说…倒不如…(= not as/ so……..as……)
more than=not only 不仅仅……..
It is more like a meeting than like a party.
它与其说是一个聚会，不如说是一个会议。
Mr. Zhang is more than my teacher, he is also my best friend.
张先生不仅仅是我的老师，他还是我的朋友。
4. once… 一旦…...
Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work.
Once you have decided to do something, you should finish it and do it well.
5. The +比较级…，the +比较级… 越……, 越……
The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
6. as if/ as though… 好像...（表示与事实相反，用虚拟；若表示即将成为事实或有可能成为事实，则用陈述语气。）
He was in great trouble, but he acted as if nothing had happened.
Although they just met for the first time, they talked as if they had been friends for many years.
The clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.
7. n./adj./adv./v. + as/though +主语+谓语，尽管...，引导让步状语从句。
Child as he is, I already know what career I want to follow.
Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem.
Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with his idea.
8. whether….or…. 无论…还是…
Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.
Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.
9. 特殊疑问词+ever = no matter+特殊疑问词, 引导让步状语从句或名词性从句。
Whichever(=No matter which) you like, you can take it away.( 让步状语从句)
You can take away whichever(=any one that) you like.(宾语从句)
Whoever breaks the law, he will certainly be punished. ( 让步状语从句)
Whoever breaks the law will certainly be punished. ( 名词性从句)
10. if/as long as/so long as/ providing that/ provided that/ supposing that/on condition that 如果/只要/假如…
I will lend you money on condition that you can return it within 3 months.
11.given that/ considering that 考虑到….., 鉴于……
Given her interest in children/Given that she is interested in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her.
12. in case that/ in case of… 万一…
In case of fire, please dial 119 at once.
In case that John comes/John should come, tell him to wait.
13. 祈使句+ or/otherwise +结果句；祈使句+ and +结果句
Stop doing such foolish thing, or you will be punished in time.
More effort, and the problem would have been settled.
Think it over, and you will find the answer.
14. so/ such……..that…….引导结果状语从句，须注意当名词前有many, much, little, few修饰时, 用so不用such。
The westerners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily.
There are so few fish in the lake that we couldn’t fish them easily.
当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成so/such…….as to do结构。
The westerners eat so much fat and sugar as to put on weight easily.
15. so that 引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句
so that引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用（= in order that）。
He turned up the radio a little so that he could hear the news clearly.
He turned up the radio a little so as to hear the news clearly.
16.can never/can’t 与too, too much, enough, over- 搭配表示“无论怎样…都不过分”
While you are doing your homework, you can’t be careful enough.
He is such a great man that we can’t praise him too much.
William Hartley was handsome, determined and hardworking. In a word, I couldn’t speak too highly of him.
The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English, so we can’t overemphasize the importance of learning English.
Since it is a good thing, we can’t do it too soon.
17. 不定式作主语，it作形式主语。
It +系动词+adj./n.+ for sb. to do (sb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)
It +系动词+adj.+ of sb. to do （sb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者，又表示人所具备的性质或特征）
It’s important for us to have a good knowledge of English.
How rude of him to treat a child like that!
It’s thoughtful of him to fix us up for the night.
18. 不定式作宾语，it作形式宾语。
主语+think/consider/believe/ make/ feel+ it +adj./n. +for sb./ of sb. +to do sth.
I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man.
The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well.
19. won’t/ can’t have sb. doing/done 不能容忍某行为发生
You are too rude, and I won’t have you speaking to Mother like that again.
We can’t have anything done against the school rules.
20. It is said/thought/ hoped/ believed...that...=sb. is said/thought/hoped/believed to do…..
It is said that he is studying abroad.--> He is said to be studying abroad.
It is considered that many countries highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace.=Many countries is considered to highly value China’s role in helping world’s peace.
21. had hoped to do=hoped to have done表示过去原打算干却未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图。类似的动词还有：expect, think, intend, design, plan, mean, suppose等。
I had hoped to travel to London this summer，but I was too busy.
22. How did sb come to do...? = How come that….为什么会…../……是怎么回事？表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释。
How did you come to find out where she’s living?= How come that you found out….
你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的?
How come that you sat there ,doing nothing?为什么坐在那儿什么也不干?
23. It is (not ) like sb. to do… ...（不）像某人的所作所为
It’s like him to answer for what he has done.敢对自己的行为负责，这是他的一贯作风。
It’s not like him to have been so rude to his mother.
24. when it comes to… 当谈到或涉及到…
He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer, he will be excited and full of energy.
When it comes to helping his wife with the housework, John never complains.
25. every time/ each time/ next time/ the first time/ any time等短语引导时间状语从句，表示“...次的时候”。
Every time you meet with new words while reading, don’t always refer to your dictionary.
Next time you come , do remember to bring your son here.
You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
26. There is (no) need to do…/for...=It is ( not ) necessary for sb. to do…
There is ( no ) hope/chance/possibility of doing…
There is( no )difficulty/trouble/point/delay( in )doing...
Is there any chance of us/our winning the match?
There is no point（意义）in discussing the problem again.
27. It is up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人来做某事……..
——When shall we start out?
——It’s up to you to decide.
It’s up to you to babysit my so while I am away on business.
28.be up to sth. 忙于…..., 从事…..., 胜任.…..
John isn’t really up to that job. 约翰不适合干那项工作。
What have you been up to recently? 最近你一直在忙些什么？
29. It is time to do/It is time that +主语+动词的一般过去式 该是做…..的时候了
It is time that we ended the discussion.
30. 强调句基本构成形式：It is/ was +被强调部分+ who/that+原句剩余部分
I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(强调是我，不是别人)
It was him who/that I met in the street yesterday afternoon.( 强调我遇见的是他，不是别人)
It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.( 强调是在大街上，不是在别的地方，强调的是地点，但不用where)
It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street (强调是昨天下午，不是在别的时候, 强调的是时间，但不用when)
第三篇特殊疑问词:初中英语现在进行时课件
初中英语现在进行时课件
一、概念
现在进行时表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作．
结构：助动词 be ( am / is / are ) +现在分词.
二、 现在分词的构成：
1.大多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing．
Eg: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading , think-thinking
2. 如果动词以-e结尾,则去掉-e,再加-ing,
如come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using．
3. 如果动词只有一个元音字母,而其后跟有一个辅音字母时,将此辅音字母双写,再加-ing
如： hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting．
4. 如果动词有两个音节,且重音在第二个音节上,则末尾的辅音字母须双写,再加-ing,
如: for’get-forgetting,pre’fer-preferring,up’set-upsetting．试比较 ’benefit/benfiting, ’differ/differing,’profit/profiting,这些词的重音在第一个音节上,因此其末尾的辅音字母不双写．
5. 以 -ic 结尾的动词,应先把 -ic 变为 -ick,再加 -ing,eg: panic/panicking,picnic/picnicking,但 lie/lying ,die/dying,tie/tying是特殊变化要记住．
三、句型结构：
1.现在进行时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词 be ( is / am / are ) 上．
1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分
I am singing . They are writing .
2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分
I am not singing . They aren’t writing .
3）一般疑问句及回答：be(am/ is/are)+ 主语+doing+其他成分
Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren’t .
Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren’t .
4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分
What are you doing ? We are playing (要求就提问内容具体回答).
2. 缩写形式如下:
I am---I’m You are---You’re He is---He’s She is---She’s
It is---It’s We are---We’re They are---They’re
3.说明: 不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如：
see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态．
四．用法：
1.表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情．往往与 now,at the moment,just 等副词连用,以示强调．
We are waiting for you. What are you doing? Some one’s knocking at the door．
2.正在进行着的动作可视为未完成的动作：
He’s talking to his friends in the classroom.
可用 still 一词强调动作的持续性
He’s still talking to his friends in the classroom.
3. 表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行．
Mr. Black is writing another article.
Don’t take that book away. Your father’s using it.
She is learning piano under Mr. Black.
4.现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况：
What’s your brother doing these days? He’s studying English at Oxford University.
5.现在进行时也可以用来表示当前的动向：
People are becoming more and more beautiful these days.
6. 表示渐变的动词有：become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin等．
The leaves are turning brown.
It’s getting colder and colder.
7.与always,constantly,forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩．
You are always changing your mind.
8. 现在进行时(以及 be going to）可以表示为将来安排好的活动和事件 We’re spending next winter in China. 用arrive,come,go,leave 等动词的现在进行时描写行 程安排,也通常有“将到达”和“将离去”的意思： He’s arriving tomorrow morning.
9.当现在进行时表示某事发生的次数过多时,则有时含有抱怨,讨厌,赞扬等的意思：
He is always singing at night,and we can’t fall asleep late at night.
练习
一.用现在进行时完成下列句子:
1. ______you__________(fly) a kite? Yes,_______.
2. ______you___________(sit) in the boat?
3. ______he_____________(talk) with me?
4. We_______________(play) football now.
5. What_________you__________(do)?
6. I_____________(sing) an English song.
7. What________he____________(mend)?
8. He______________(mend) a car.
9. These boys _________ (play) tennis on the playground.
10. My mother______________ (cook) in the kitchen.
11. We can’t help you,because we ____________ (have )classes.
12. ________ the boy ___________ (write) his homework?
13. Look! These butterflies _________ (fly) in the sky.
14. Listen! The girl ___________ (sing) in the next room.
15. The naughty boy __________ (swim) in the river.
二.选择
1. Look. Lucy is_____ a new bike today.
A. jumping B. running C. riding D takeing
2. The children _____ football.
A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a
3. They ______TV in the evening. They do their homework.
A. are watching B. can’t watching C. don’t watch D. don’t watching
4. Listen! She____ in the classroom.
A. is singing B. sing C .to sing D. is sing
5. ______are you eating? I’m eating ______ meat.
A. What,some B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,a
6. Is she ____ something?
A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats
7.My dictionary ___,I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost,don’t find B. is missing,don’t find C. has lost,haven’t found D. is missing,haven’t found.
8..Having a computer for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly.
A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change
9. The building_______ ,I can’t stand the noise.
A. was being built B. is built C. is being built D. builds
10. I can’t catch up with the fashion,because the clothes style_______ all the time.
A. has changed B. is changed C. is changing D. changed
11. It’s six in the afternoon. The Greens_______ lunch together.
A. has B. are having C. have had D. had had
12. Don’t make any noise while the students_______ to the class.
A. are listening B. listened C. have listened D. had listened
13. Jack and Ketty_______ in the lake. Let’s join them,shall we?
A. swim B. have swum C. swam D. are swimming
14. Look! The children_______ basketball on the playground.
A. plays B. played C. is playing D. are playing
15. The kite_______ high in the sky now. It looks like a big bird.
A. has flown B. is flying C. was flying D. flew
16.As we all know,the population in the world _______ faster and faster.
A. is grown B. is growing C. are grown D. are growing
17. To my surprise,he_______ in class.
A. is always speaking B. would always speak C. has always been speaking D. does speak always
18. I want to know when he _______ for New York tomorrow.
A. has left B. is leaving C. had left D. has been leaving
19. He_______ of how he can do more for the people.
A. had always thought B. is always thinking C.has always been thought D. thinking always
20. Forests _______ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the future.
A.cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
1. Are ,flying,I am 2. Are sitting, 3.Is,talking 4. are plying 5. are,doing 6.am singing 7. is,mending 8. is mending 9.are plying 10.is cooking 11. are having 12. Is ,writing 13. are flying 14.is singing, 15. is swimming
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.A 9C 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.D 14.D 15.B 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.B 20.C
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